A deluge system is typically characterized as what type of system?

A deluge system is typically characterized as an unpressurized dry pipe system. In this type of system, the piping is filled with air rather than water when the system is in standby mode. Only when the system is activated, usually by a fire detection system, do the deluge valves open, allowing large quantities of water to flow into the piping and discharge through open nozzles over the protected area.

This design is crucial for fire protection in areas with high hazards, where an immediate and substantial water delivery is required to suppress the fire. Unlike a pressurized wet pipe system that is always filled with water and might be inappropriate for certain applications, a deluge system ensures that water is available quickly when it is needed most, allowing for effective fire suppression over a wider area.

In contrast, other systems mentioned—such as water mist or foam systems—serve different purposes and scenarios and do not align with the characteristics of a deluge system.